{"id":6007,"date":"2025-08-13T19:53:42","date_gmt":"2025-08-13T14:23:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/?p=6007"},"modified":"2025-08-13T19:56:56","modified_gmt":"2025-08-13T14:26:56","slug":"joginder-kumar-v-state-of-uttar-pradesh-1994-case-summary","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/bharatiya-nagarik-suraksha-sanhita\/joginder-kumar-v-state-of-uttar-pradesh-1994-case-summary\/","title":{"rendered":"Joginder Kumar v. State of Uttar Pradesh 1994 (Case Summary)"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"6007\" class=\"elementor elementor-6007\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fc9048a elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no wpr-equal-height-no\" data-id=\"fc9048a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f3c8ffd\" data-id=\"6f3c8ffd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-223d71f8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no wpr-equal-height-no\" data-id=\"223d71f8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3108f21a\" data-id=\"3108f21a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40a193ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"40a193ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Joginder Kumar v. State of Uttar Pradesh 1994\n(Case Summary)<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c760fe1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2c760fe1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1275\" height=\"505\" src=\"https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-08-13-at-19.53.57_678d922d.jpg\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536 wp-image-6009\" alt=\"Joginder Kumar v. State of Uttar Pradesh (1994) 4 SCC 260\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-08-13-at-19.53.57_678d922d.jpg 1275w, https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-08-13-at-19.53.57_678d922d-300x119.jpg 300w, https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-08-13-at-19.53.57_678d922d-1024x406.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-08-13-at-19.53.57_678d922d-150x59.jpg 150w, https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/WhatsApp-Image-2025-08-13-at-19.53.57_678d922d-768x304.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1275px) 100vw, 1275px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-338f6866 elementor-grid-0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wpr-sharing-buttons\" data-id=\"338f6866\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wpr-sharing-buttons.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-sharing-buttons elementor-grid wpr-sharing-official wpr-sharing-label-off wpr-sharing-label-tr\"><div class=\"elementor-grid-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer.php?u=https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/bharatiya-nagarik-suraksha-sanhita\/joginder-kumar-v-state-of-uttar-pradesh-1994-case-summary\/\" class=\"wpr-sharing-icon wpr-sharing-facebook-f\" title=\"\" target=\"_blank\"><i class=\"fab fa-facebook-f\"><\/i><\/a><\/div><div class=\"elementor-grid-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/bharatiya-nagarik-suraksha-sanhita\/joginder-kumar-v-state-of-uttar-pradesh-1994-case-summary\/&title=Joginder Kumar v. State of Uttar Pradesh 1994 (Case Summary)&summary=This landmark judgment balanced individual liberty and state authority by clarifying that the power of arrest under Section\u202f41 CrPC must be exercised only when necessary. &source=https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/bharatiya-nagarik-suraksha-sanhita\/joginder-kumar-v-state-of-uttar-pradesh-1994-case-summary\/\" class=\"wpr-sharing-icon wpr-sharing-linkedin-in\" title=\"\" target=\"_blank\"><i class=\"fab fa-linkedin-in\"><\/i><\/a><\/div><div class=\"elementor-grid-item\"><a href=\"mailto:?subject=Joginder Kumar v. State of Uttar Pradesh 1994 (Case Summary)&body=https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/bharatiya-nagarik-suraksha-sanhita\/joginder-kumar-v-state-of-uttar-pradesh-1994-case-summary\/\" class=\"wpr-sharing-icon wpr-sharing-envelope\" title=\"\" target=\"_blank\"><i class=\"fas fa-envelope\"><\/i><\/a><\/div><div class=\"elementor-grid-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/api.whatsapp.com\/send?text=*Joginder Kumar v. State of Uttar Pradesh 1994 (Case Summary)*%0ahttps:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/bharatiya-nagarik-suraksha-sanhita\/joginder-kumar-v-state-of-uttar-pradesh-1994-case-summary\/\" class=\"wpr-sharing-icon wpr-sharing-whatsapp\" title=\"\" target=\"_blank\"><i class=\"fab fa-whatsapp\"><\/i><\/a><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb5a167 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cb5a167\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This landmark judgment balanced individual liberty and state authority by clarifying that the power of arrest under Section\u202f41 CrPC must be exercised only when necessary. The Supreme Court held that an arrest may be lawful but not justified, stressing that personal liberty under Article\u202f21 cannot be curtailed mechanically.<\/span><\/p><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 ez-toc-wrap-left counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #000000;color:#000000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #000000;color:#000000\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/bharatiya-nagarik-suraksha-sanhita\/joginder-kumar-v-state-of-uttar-pradesh-1994-case-summary\/#Facts_of_Joginder_Kumar_v_State_of_Uttar_Pradesh\" >Facts of Joginder Kumar v. State of Uttar Pradesh<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/bharatiya-nagarik-suraksha-sanhita\/joginder-kumar-v-state-of-uttar-pradesh-1994-case-summary\/#Issues_framed\" >Issues framed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/bharatiya-nagarik-suraksha-sanhita\/joginder-kumar-v-state-of-uttar-pradesh-1994-case-summary\/#Judgment_of_Joginder_Kumar_v_State_of_Uttar_Pradesh\" >Judgment of Joginder Kumar v. State of Uttar Pradesh<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Facts_of_Joginder_Kumar_v_State_of_Uttar_Pradesh\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><b>Facts of Joginder Kumar v. State of Uttar Pradesh<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><ol><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Joginder\u202fKumar, a young lawyer, was called for inquiries by the Superintendent of Police, Ghaziabad.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He appeared voluntarily, accompanied by his brothers, who were assured he would be released that evening.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Despite this, he was kept in custody for five days without being presented before a Magistrate or intimating his family of the arrest.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">His family filed a habeas corpus petition under Article\u202f32; the Supreme Court ordered an immediate inquiry.<\/span><\/li><\/ol><h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Issues_framed\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><b>Issues framed<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><ol><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Whether arrest can be made merely because it is lawful?<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Whether reasonable satisfaction regarding necessity of arrest is required under Section\u202f41 CrPC?<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Whether the arrested person has the right to have a relative informed and to be produced before Magistrate promptly?<\/span><\/li><\/ol><h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Judgment_of_Joginder_Kumar_v_State_of_Uttar_Pradesh\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><b>Judgment of <\/b><\/span><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><b>Joginder Kumar v. State of Uttar Pradesh<\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Supreme Court held that arrest is a serious deprivation of liberty and must not be resorted to merely because it is legally permissible. The decision to arrest must be preceded by some investigation into the bona fides of allegations and satisfaction on grounds for necessity, including risk of tampering, flight, or continued criminality.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Court laid down binding procedural requirements, stating:<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cNo arrest can be made because it is lawful for the police officer to do so. The existence of the power of arrest is one thing. The justification for the exercise of it is quite another. No arrest should be made without a reasonable satisfaction reached after some investigation about the genuineness and bonafides of a complaint and a reasonable belief both as to the person\u2019s complicity and even so as to the need to effect arrest.\u201d<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Furthermore, the Court specified the rights of the arrested person:<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cAn arrested person being held in custody has the right to have a friend, relative or other person informed\u2026 the arrested person shall be informed of this right when brought into the police station. An entry shall be made in the diary as to who was informed of the arrest.\u201d<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In its final holding, the Court held that Joginder\u202fKumar&#8217;s continued detention without producing him before a Magistrate and without informing his family amounted to a violation of Article 21 and Article\u202f22(1). The Court ordered immediate release and stressed that breach of these guidelines would attract departmental action and judicial oversight.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6fa98b19 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no wpr-equal-height-no\" data-id=\"6fa98b19\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2b58fb5\" data-id=\"2b58fb5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This landmark judgment balanced individual liberty and state authority by clarifying that the power of arrest under Section\u202f41 CrPC must be exercised only when necessary. 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