{"id":6049,"date":"2025-08-14T23:39:34","date_gmt":"2025-08-14T18:09:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/?p=6049"},"modified":"2025-08-14T23:42:57","modified_gmt":"2025-08-14T18:12:57","slug":"state-of-rajasthan-v-kashi-ram-2006-case-summary","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/bharatiya-nagarik-suraksha-sanhita\/state-of-rajasthan-v-kashi-ram-2006-case-summary\/","title":{"rendered":"State of Rajasthan v. Kashi Ram 2006 (Case Summary)"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"6049\" class=\"elementor elementor-6049\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3f35940a elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no wpr-column-slider-no wpr-equal-height-no\" data-id=\"3f35940a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5e0dc76b\" data-id=\"5e0dc76b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-32fe1464 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no wpr-column-slider-no wpr-equal-height-no\" data-id=\"32fe1464\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-582cdb14\" data-id=\"582cdb14\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f21e39c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f21e39c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">State of Rajasthan v. Kashi Ram 2006\n(Case Summary)<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-52dc7ace elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"52dc7ace\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"864\" src=\"https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/Fawyerz-70-1536x864.png\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536 wp-image-6053\" alt=\"State of Rajasthan v. Kashi Ram\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/Fawyerz-70-1536x864.png 1536w, https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/Fawyerz-70-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/Fawyerz-70-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/Fawyerz-70-150x84.png 150w, https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/Fawyerz-70-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/Fawyerz-70.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d74519a elementor-grid-0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wpr-sharing-buttons\" data-id=\"d74519a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wpr-sharing-buttons.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-sharing-buttons elementor-grid wpr-sharing-official wpr-sharing-label-off wpr-sharing-label-tr\"><div class=\"elementor-grid-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer.php?u=https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/bharatiya-nagarik-suraksha-sanhita\/state-of-rajasthan-v-kashi-ram-2006-case-summary\/\" class=\"wpr-sharing-icon wpr-sharing-facebook-f\" title=\"\" target=\"_blank\"><i class=\"fab fa-facebook-f\"><\/i><\/a><\/div><div class=\"elementor-grid-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/bharatiya-nagarik-suraksha-sanhita\/state-of-rajasthan-v-kashi-ram-2006-case-summary\/&title=State of Rajasthan v. Kashi Ram 2006 (Case Summary)&summary=This case clarified the evidentiary value of circumstantial evidence and the use of Section 106 of the Indian Evidence Act, especially when the accused is last seen with the deceased. The Supreme Court &source=https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/bharatiya-nagarik-suraksha-sanhita\/state-of-rajasthan-v-kashi-ram-2006-case-summary\/\" class=\"wpr-sharing-icon wpr-sharing-linkedin-in\" title=\"\" target=\"_blank\"><i class=\"fab fa-linkedin-in\"><\/i><\/a><\/div><div class=\"elementor-grid-item\"><a href=\"mailto:?subject=State of Rajasthan v. Kashi Ram 2006 (Case Summary)&body=https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/bharatiya-nagarik-suraksha-sanhita\/state-of-rajasthan-v-kashi-ram-2006-case-summary\/\" class=\"wpr-sharing-icon wpr-sharing-envelope\" title=\"\" target=\"_blank\"><i class=\"fas fa-envelope\"><\/i><\/a><\/div><div class=\"elementor-grid-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/api.whatsapp.com\/send?text=*State of Rajasthan v. Kashi Ram 2006 (Case Summary)*%0ahttps:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/bharatiya-nagarik-suraksha-sanhita\/state-of-rajasthan-v-kashi-ram-2006-case-summary\/\" class=\"wpr-sharing-icon wpr-sharing-whatsapp\" title=\"\" target=\"_blank\"><i class=\"fab fa-whatsapp\"><\/i><\/a><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6701e438 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6701e438\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This case clarified the evidentiary value of circumstantial evidence and the use of Section 106 of the Indian Evidence Act, especially when the accused is last seen with the deceased. The Supreme Court dealt with whether conviction based purely on circumstances and the accused&#8217;s silence was justified.<\/span><\/p><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_83 ez-toc-wrap-left counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #000000;color:#000000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #000000;color:#000000\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/bharatiya-nagarik-suraksha-sanhita\/state-of-rajasthan-v-kashi-ram-2006-case-summary\/#Facts_of_State_of_Rajasthan_v_Kashi_Ram\" >Facts of State of Rajasthan v. Kashi Ram<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/bharatiya-nagarik-suraksha-sanhita\/state-of-rajasthan-v-kashi-ram-2006-case-summary\/#Issues_framed\" >Issues framed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/bharatiya-nagarik-suraksha-sanhita\/state-of-rajasthan-v-kashi-ram-2006-case-summary\/#Subordinate_Court_Judgment\" >Subordinate Court Judgment<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/bharatiya-nagarik-suraksha-sanhita\/state-of-rajasthan-v-kashi-ram-2006-case-summary\/#Judgment_of_State_of_Rajasthan_v_Kashi_Ram\" >Judgment of State of Rajasthan v. Kashi Ram<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/bharatiya-nagarik-suraksha-sanhita\/state-of-rajasthan-v-kashi-ram-2006-case-summary\/#Refer_to_the_Judgment_below\" >Refer to the Judgment below.<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><b>Facts of State of Rajasthan v. Kashi Ram <\/b><\/span><\/h2><ol><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kashi Ram was accused of murdering his wife and minor daughter by strangulation inside their home.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The bodies were found in the house, and Kashi Ram was the last person seen with them shortly before their deaths.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There were no signs of forced entry or evidence of third-party involvement at the crime scene.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The post-mortem confirmed death by asphyxia due to strangulation.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kashi Ram did not offer any explanation as to how the two died in his custody, which the prosecution used to invoke Section 106 of the Indian Evidence Act.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The case was based solely on circumstantial evidence, with no direct eyewitness testimony.<\/span><\/li><\/ol><h2><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><b>Issues framed<\/b><\/span><\/h2><ol><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Whether the circumstantial evidence was sufficient to convict the accused beyond reasonable doubt?<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Whether the High Court was justified in acquitting the accused despite the trial court\u2019s conviction?<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Whether the burden under Section 106 of the Evidence Act was rightly shifted to the accused?<\/span><\/li><\/ol><h2><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><b>Subordinate Court Judgment <\/b><\/span><\/h2><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Sessions Court convicted Kashi Ram and sentenced him to death, relying on the strong chain of circumstantial evidence and his failure to explain how the deaths occurred while the victims were in his custody. The Rajasthan High Court, however, acquitted him, holding that the evidence was not sufficient and there were gaps in the prosecution\u2019s case.<\/span><\/p><h2><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><b>Judgment of State of Rajasthan v. Kashi Ram<\/b><\/span><\/h2><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Supreme Court carefully examined the evidence and found that the trial court had rightly convicted Kashi Ram. It held that the High Court had erred in reversing the conviction without properly considering the chain of circumstances. The Court noted that while the evidence was circumstantial, it was consistent and pointed only towards the guilt of the accused.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Court clarified that once the prosecution proves facts that are within the exclusive knowledge of the accused (like what happened inside the house where the wife and daughter were found dead), the burden shifts under Section 106 of the Evidence Act to the accused to offer a reasonable explanation. In this case, Kashi Ram failed to explain how the two deceased persons in his custody were found dead under suspicious circumstances, and that failure was a significant link in the chain of circumstances pointing to guilt.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In its final decision, the Supreme Court set aside the High Court\u2019s acquittal and reinstated the trial court\u2019s conviction. However, it modified the sentence from death to life imprisonment, holding that while the crime was grave, it did not fall under the &#8220;rarest of rare&#8221; category that demands capital punishment. This case is now often cited for its clarity on circumstantial evidence and the shifting burden under Section 106 of the Evidence Act.<\/span><\/p><h2><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><b>Refer to the Judgment below.<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48d78643 elementor-widget elementor-widget-pdfjs-viewer\" data-id=\"48d78643\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"pdfjs-viewer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<iframe width=\"\" height=\"700\" src=\"https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/wp-content\/plugins\/pdfjs-viewer-for-elementor\/\/assets\/js\/pdfjs\/web\/viewer.html?file=https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/wp-content\/uploads\/28216-2.pdf\"><\/iframe>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1d0cda22 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no wpr-column-slider-no wpr-equal-height-no\" data-id=\"1d0cda22\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4fbf9914\" data-id=\"4fbf9914\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This case clarified the evidentiary value of circumstantial evidence and the use of Section 106 of the Indian Evidence Act, especially when the accused is last seen with the deceased. The Supreme Court <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":6053,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[122],"tags":[196,12],"class_list":["post-6049","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bharatiya-nagarik-suraksha-sanhita","tag-section-106-indian-evidence-act","tag-supreme-court"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6049","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6049"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6049\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6057,"href":"https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6049\/revisions\/6057"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6053"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6049"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6049"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fawyerz.in\/judgments\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6049"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}